Silicon-Mediated Alleviation of Cadmium Toxicity in Broccoli Via Modulation of Morphological and Physiological Responses

Nida Ilyas*

Department of Botany, Government Sadiq College Women University, Pakistan

*Corresponding Author: Nida Ilyas, Department of Botany, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

DOI: 10.64258/3068-5532.2025.1010016

Submission Date: October 14, 2025

Published Date: October 30, 2025

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Abstract

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is a highly nutritious vegetable essential to a healthy human diet. However, its cultivation is increasingly compromised by environmental contaminants such as cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal that negatively affects plant growth and development. This research aimed to explore the potential of Silicon (Si) in reducing the harmful effects of Cd stress by improving various physiological and morphological traits of broccoli. The experiment was carried out in pots using a completely randomized design at the botanical garden of Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur. Broccoli plants were subjected to three levels of Cd (0, 0.5, and 1 mM) and treated with Si at concentrations of 0, 1, and 2 mM. Data were analyzed using Statix 8.1 software. The results revealed that Si application Significantly alleviated Cd stress, enhancing photosynthetic performance as assessed through an Infrared Gas Analyzer (IRGA). Si also promoted plant growth, with the tallest plant (44 cm) observed at the highest Si level. Both root and shoot biomass, along with fresh and dry weights, showed improvement with Si treatment, indicating a mitigation of Cd toxicity. Pigment analysis showed that Cd reduced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid levels, whereas Si helped restore these pigments even under Cd stress. These findings highlight the beneficial role of Si in counteracting Cd toxicity, offering a promising strategy for maintaining broccoli productivity in contaminated environments.

Keywords

Broccoli, Cd toxicity, Infrared Gas Analyzer

Citation

Nida Ilyas (2025) Silicon-Mediated Alleviation of Cadmium Toxicity in Broccoli via Modulation of Morphological and Physiological Responses. Curr Tren Agron & Agric Res 1(3): 1-16.